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5.8 Flash 使用说明

本章说明 N32G41x 标准外设库中 Flash 驱动的文件组成与 50 个公开函数，内容包括等待周期与预取缓冲、ICache 与缓存锁定、编程擦除的解锁与锁定、页擦除与整片擦除、按字编程、选项字节（含写保护与读保护）的编程与回读，以及中断与状态标志管理，并给出 Flash_Program、Option_Byte_Configure 两个示例。FLASH 的地址空间、页划分、擦写流程与选项字节定义请配合用户手册的“存储器和总线架构”章节阅读，芯片已知问题以勘误手册为准。

5.8.1 相关文件

相对路径 作用
firmware/n32g41x_std_periph_driver/inc/n32g41x_flash.h 定义 FLASH_STS 与配置、缓存、密钥、选项字节等宏，并按配置、缓存管理、解锁与锁定、擦除、编程、选项字节编程、写保护、读保护、选项字节回读、状态与保护状态、中断与标志十一个区段声明 50 个公开函数
firmware/n32g41x_std_periph_driver/src/n32g41x_flash.c 实现上述 50 个函数：等待周期与预取设置、ICache 复位与锁定、控制器解锁序列、页与整片擦除、按字编程、选项字节擦写与回读、写保护与读保护配置、状态标志读取与超时等待
firmware/CMSIS/device/n32g41x.h 定义 FLASH、FLASH_OB、FLASH_OB2 寄存器结构与基地址，以及 FLASH_KEY1、FLASH_KEY2 等位域宏
projects/n32g41x_EVAL/examples/Flash/ Flash 示例根目录，含 Flash_Program、Option_Byte_Configure 2 个示例
projects/n32g41x_EVAL/examples/Flash/Flash_Program/ 该示例的工程目录组成：MDK-ARM/、EWARM/、inc/、src/、readme.txt
projects/n32g41x_EVAL/bsp/ 两个示例共用的板级支持文件：串口 log 初始化与毫秒延时函数

5.8.2 API 参考

搜索 API共 50 个函数

以下 50 个公开函数按 n32g41x_flash.h 的声明顺序分为 11 组；每个条目给出功能摘要与 n32g41x_flash.c 中该函数正上方的注释原文。

配置

FLASH_SetLatency、FLASH_GetLatency、FLASH_PrefetchBufSet、Flash_GetPrefetchBufferStatus

缓存管理

FLASH_iCacheRST、FLASH_iCacheCmd、FLASH_StartCacheLock、FLASH_StopCacheLock、FLASH_CancelCacheLock

解锁与锁定

FLASH_Unlock、FLASH_Lock、Flash_GetLockStatus、Option_Bytes_Unlock、Option_Bytes_Lock、OB_GetLockStatus

擦除

FLASH_EraseOnePage、FLASH_MassErase、FLASH_EraseOB

编程

FLASH_ProgramWord

选项字节编程

FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP1、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER0、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER1、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER3_USER2、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER5_USER4、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER6、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER7、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_DATA1_DATA0

写保护

FLASH_EnWriteProtection

读保护

FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP2、FLASH_ReadOutProtectionL1、FLASH_ReadOutProtectionL2_ENABLE

选项字节回读

FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User0、FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User1、FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User2、FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User3、FLASH_GetBOOTUartPIN、FLASH_GetBOOTI2cPIN、FLASH_GetBOOTCanPIN、FLASH_GetOptionBytes_Data0、FLASH_GetOptionBytes_Data1

状态与保护状态

FLASH_GetReadOutProtectionSTS、FLASH_GetReadOutProtectionL2STS、FLASH_GetWriteProtectionSTS、FLASH_GetBOOTWriteProtectionSTS

中断与标志

FLASH_INTConfig、FLASH_GetFlagSTS、FLASH_GetOBFlagSTS、FLASH_ClearFlag、FLASH_GetSTS、FLASH_WaitForLastOpt

void FLASH_SetLatency(uint32_t FLASH_Latency)设置代码等待周期值。
源码注释
name    FLASH_SetLatency
fun     Sets the code latency value.
param   FLASH_Latency :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_LATENCY_0    FLASH Zero Latency cycle, 0 < SYSCLK <= 36MHz
            - FLASH_LATENCY_1    FLASH One Latency cycle,  36MHZ < SYSCLK <= 72MHz
            - FLASH_LATENCY_2    FLASH two Latency cycle, N32G412: 72Mhz < SYSCLK <= 80Mhz; N32G415: 72Mhz < SYSCLK <= 96Mhz;
return  none
note    The larger the latency, the longer the flash read operation will take.
        If not necessary, it is recommended to use a smaller latency.

使用提示： 实现读 FLASH_AC、清 LATENCY 字段再写回，不改动同一寄存器中的预取缓冲与 ICache 位。

uint8_t FLASH_GetLatency(void)获取代码等待周期值。
源码注释
name    FLASH_GetLatency
fun     Get the code latency value.
param   none
return  FLASH_LATENCY :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_LATENCY_0    FLASH Zero Latency cycle, 0 < SYSCLK <= 36MHz
            - FLASH_LATENCY_1    FLASH One Latency cycle,  36MHZ < SYSCLK <= 72MHz
            - FLASH_LATENCY_2    FLASH two Latency cycle, N32G412: 72Mhz < SYSCLK <= 80Mhz; N32G415: 72Mhz < SYSCLK <= 96Mhz;
void FLASH_PrefetchBufSet(uint32_t FLASH_PrefetchBuf)使能或禁用预取缓冲。
源码注释
name    FLASH_PrefetchBufSet
fun     Enables or disables the Prefetch Buffer.
param   FLASH_PrefetchBuf:(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_PrefetchBuf_EN
            - FLASH_PrefetchBuf_DIS
return  none
FlagStatus Flash_GetPrefetchBufferStatus(void)获取预取缓冲状态。
源码注释
name   Flash_GetPrefetchBufferStatus
fun    Get the Prefetch Buffer status.
param  none
return FlagStatus :
            - SET     FLASH is in Prefetch Buffer enabled state
            - RESET   FLASH is in Prefetch Buffer disabled state
void FLASH_iCacheRST(void)复位 ICache。
源码注释
name    FLASH_iCacheRST
fun     ICache Reset.
param   none
return  none
void FLASH_iCacheCmd(uint32_t FLASH_iCache)使能或禁用 iCache。
源码注释
name    FLASH_iCacheCmd
fun     Enables or disables the iCache.
param   FLASH_iCache:(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_iCache_EN FLASH iCache Enable
            - FLASH_iCache_DIS FLASH iCache Disable
return  none
note    When the N32G412 series runs above 72MHz, can't enable Icache.
void FLASH_StartCacheLock(uint32_t lock_start_way)开始缓存锁定。
源码注释
name   FLASH_StartCacheLock
fun    Start cache lock.
param  lock_start_way :
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTRT_WAY0
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTRT_WAY1
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTRT_WAY2
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTRT_WAY3
return none
void FLASH_StopCacheLock(uint32_t lock_stop_way)停止缓存锁定。
源码注释
name   FLASH_StopCacheLock
fun    Stop cache lock.
param  lock_stop_way :
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTOP_WAY0
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTOP_WAY1
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTOP_WAY2
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTOP_WAY3
return none
void FLASH_CancelCacheLock(uint32_t lock_stop_way)取消缓存锁定。
源码注释
name   FLASH_CancelCacheLock
fun    Cancel cache lock.
param  lock_stop_way :
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTOP_WAY0
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTOP_WAY1
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTOP_WAY2
            - FLASH_CAHR_LOCKSTOP_WAY3
return none
void FLASH_Unlock(void)解锁 Flash 编程擦除控制器。
源码注释
name   FLASH_Unlock
fun    Unlocks the FLASH Program Erase Controller.
param  none
return none
note   Before operating the FLASH_CTRL register, you need to call the FLASH_Unlock function to unlock the LOCK bit.

使用提示： 实现依次向 FLASH_KEY 写入 FLASH_KEY1（0x45670123）与 FLASH_KEY2（0xCDEF89AB）。

void FLASH_Lock(void)锁定 Flash 编程擦除控制器。
源码注释
name   FLASH_Lock
fun    Locks the FLASH Program Erase Controller.
param  none
return none
FlagStatus Flash_GetLockStatus(void)获取 Flash 锁定状态。
源码注释
name   Flash_GetLockStatus
fun    Get the Flash lock status.
param  none
return FlagStatus :
            - SET     FLASH is in Lock state
            - RESET   FLASH is in Unlock state
void Option_Bytes_Unlock(void)解锁选项字节编程擦除控制器。
源码注释
name   Option_Bytes_Unlock
fun    Unlocks the Option_Bytes Program Erase Controller.
param  none
return none

使用提示： 实现依次向 FLASH_OPTKEY 写入 FLASH_KEY1 与 FLASH_KEY2，与 FLASH_Unlock 使用的是同一组密钥。

void Option_Bytes_Lock(void)锁定选项字节编程擦除控制器。
源码注释
name   Option_Bytes_Lock
fun    Locks the Option_Bytes Program Erase Controller.
param  none
return none
FlagStatus OB_GetLockStatus(void)获取选项字节锁定状态。
源码注释
name   OB_GetLockStatus
fun    Get the Option Bytes lock status.
param  none
return FlagStatus :
            - SET     Option byte is in Unlock state
            - RESET   Option byte is in Lock state
FLASH_STS FLASH_EraseOnePage(uint32_t Page_Address)擦除指定的主存储区页。
源码注释
name   FLASH_EraseOnePage
fun    Erases a specified main FLASH page.
param  Page_Address :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - main flash, it ranges from 0x08000000 to 0x0801FFFF, it must be a multiple of 0x200
return FLASH_STS :
            - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
            - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
            - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
            - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
            - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_MassErase(void)擦除全部主存储区页。
源码注释
name   FLASH_MassErase
fun    Erases all main FLASH pages.
param  none
return FLASH_STS :
            - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
            - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
            - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
            - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
            - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_EraseOB(void)擦除 Flash 选项字节。
源码注释
name   FLASH_EraseOB
fun    Erases the FLASH option bytes.
param  none
return FLASH_STS :
            - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
            - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
            - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
            - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
            - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
            - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout

使用提示： 实现先读取 RDP2 状态，已使能 L2 读保护时直接返回 FLASH_ERR_RDP2；擦除前自行调用 Option_Bytes_Unlock 解锁选项字节。

FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramWord(uint32_t address, uint32_t data)在指定地址编程一个字。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramWord
fun    Programs one word at a specified address.
param  address :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - it ranges from 0x08000000 to 0x0801FFFF, it must be a multiple of 0x04
param  data :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - It ranges from 0x00000000 to 0xFFFFFFFF
return FLASH_STS :
            - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
            - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
            - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
            - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
            - FLASH_ERR_ADD  FLASH address error
            - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout

使用提示： 实现先检查 address 是否按字（4 字节）对齐，未对齐时返回 FLASH_ERR_ADD 且不启动编程。

FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP1(uint8_t option_byte_rpd1)编程选项字节 RDP1。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP1
fun    Programs the Option Byte: RDP1.
param  option_byte_rpd1 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
        - FLASH_OB_RDP1_ENABLE   Enable read protection L1
        - FLASH_OB_RDP1_DISABLE  Disable read protection L1
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout

使用提示： 实现先检查 RDP2 状态并在编程前自行调用 Option_Bytes_Unlock，L2 已使能时返回 FLASH_ERR_RDP2。

FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER0(uint32_t option_byte_iwdg)编程选项字节 IWDG_SW。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER0
fun    Programs the Option Byte: IWDG_SW.
param  option_byte_iwdg :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_IWDG_SOFTWARE Software IWDG selected
            - FLASH_OB_IWDG_HARDWARE Hardware IWDG selected
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER1(uint32_t option_byte_PD7)编程选项字节 NRST_PD7。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER1
fun    Programs the Option Byte: NRST_PD7.
param  option_byte_PD7 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_PD7_GPIO PD7 set GPIO
            - FLASH_OB_PD7_NRST PD7 set NRST
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER3_USER2(uint32_t option_byte_nBOOT0, uint32_t option_byte_nBOOT1, uint32_t option_byte_nSWBOOT0, uint32_t option_byte_BOOT0_CFG, uint32_t option_byte_iwdg_stop, uint32_t option_byte_iwdg_sleep, uint32_t option_byte_user2)编程选项字节 USER3 与 USER2。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER3_USER2
fun    Programs the Option Byte: USER3 and USER2.
param   option_byte_nBOOT0 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_NBOOT0_SET Set nBOOT0
            - FLASH_OB_NBOOT0_CLR Clear nBOOT0
param   option_byte_nBOOT1 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_NBOOT1_SET Set nBOOT1
            - FLASH_OB_NBOOT1_CLR Clear nBOOT1
param   option_byte_nSWBOOT0 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_NSWBOOT0_SET Set nSWBOOT0
            - FLASH_OB_NSWBOOT0_CLR Clear nSWBOOT0
param   option_byte_BOOT0_CFG :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_BOOT0_CFG_HIGH Boot0 high active
            - FLASH_OB_BOOT0_CFG_LOW  Boot0 low active
param   option_byte_iwdg_stop :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_IWDG_STOP_NOFRZ  IWDG not frozen in Stop mode
            - FLASH_OB_IWDG_STOP_FRZ    IWDG frozen in Stop mode
param   option_byte_iwdg_sleep :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_IWDG_SLEEP_NOFRZ IWDG not frozen in Sleep mode
            - FLASH_OB_IWDG_SLEEP_FRZ   IWDG frozen in Sleep mode
param  option_byte_user2:(The input parameters must be the following values)
                - 0x00 to 0xFF  PDR/POR delay count; 0x00 = longest, 0xFF = no delay; 30~8192us
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER5_USER4(uint32_t option_byte_user4, uint32_t option_byte_user5)编程选项字节 USER5 与 USER4。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER5_USER4
fun    Programs the Option Byte: USER5 and USER4.
param   option_byte_user4 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PA9PA10
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PA0PA1
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PA4PA5
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PB4PB5
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PB6PB7
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_NUM5       N32G412 serial BOOT uart pins are PB8 and PB9, N32G415 serial BOOT uart pins are PB9 and PC10
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PC4PC5
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_NUM7       N32G412 serial BOOT uart pins are PC7 and PC6, N32G415 serial BOOT uart pins are PA9 and PA8
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_NUM8       N32G412 serial BOOT uart pins are PC12 and PD2, N32G415 serial BOOT uart pins are PD0 and PD2
param   option_byte_user5 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PA4PA5
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PA9PA10
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PA15PA14
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PB6PB7
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_NUM4       N32G412 serial BOOT i2c pins are PB7 and PB8, N32G415 serial BOOT i2c pins are PB7 and PB9
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_NUM5       N32G412 serial BOOT i2c pins are PB8 and PB9, N32G415 serial BOOT i2c pins are PB9 and PC10
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PC0PC1
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PC4PC5
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PD15PD14
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER6(uint32_t option_byte_user6)编程选项字节 USER6。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER6
fun    Programs the Option Byte: USER6.
param   option_byte_user6 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - BOOT_CAN_PIN_PA12PA11 CAN pins are PA12 and PA11
            - BOOT_CAN_PIN_NUM1   N32G412 serial CAN pins are PB9 and PB8, N32G415 serial CAN pins are PC10 and PB9
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER7(uint32_t option_byte_user7)编程选项字节 BOOT 写保护的使能或禁用位。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER7
fun    Programs the Option Byte: BOOT write protection Enable or disable.
param  option_byte_user7:
            - BOOT_WRP_ENABLE
            - BOOT_WRP_DISABLE
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_DATA1_DATA0(uint8_t option_byte_data1, uint8_t option_byte_data0)在指定的选项字节 Data1 与 Data0 编程 2 个半字。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_DATA1_DATA0
fun    Programs 2 half words at a specified Option Byte Data1 and Data0.
param  option_byte_data1:(The input parameters must be the following values)
                - 0x00 to 0xFF
param  option_byte_data0:(The input parameters must be the following values)
                - 0x00 to 0xFF
return FLASH_STS: The returned value can be:
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_EnWriteProtection(uint32_t FLASH_Pages)对所选的页进行写保护。
源码注释
name   FLASH_EnWriteProtection
fun    Write protects the desired pages
param  FLASH_Pages :(The input parameters must be the following values)
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages0to7      Enable Write protection of page 0 to 7
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages8to15     Enable Write protection of page 8 to 15
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages16to23    Enable Write protection of page 16 to 23
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages24to31    Enable Write protection of page 24 to 31
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages32to39    Enable Write protection of page 32 to 39
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages40to47    Enable Write protection of page 40 to 47
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages48to55    Enable Write protection of page 48 to 55
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages56to63    Enable Write protection of page 56 to 63
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages64to71    Enable Write protection of page 64 to 71
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages72to79    Enable Write protection of page 72 to 79
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages80to87    Enable Write protection of page 80 to 87
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages88to95    Enable Write protection of page 88 to 95
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages96to103   Enable Write protection of page 96 to 103
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages104to111  Enable Write protection of page 104 to 111
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages112to119  Enable Write protection of page 112 to 119
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages120to127  Enable Write protection of page 120 to 127
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages128to135  Enable Write protection of page 128 to 135
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages136to143  Enable Write protection of page 136 to 143
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages144to151  Enable Write protection of page 144 to 151
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages152to159  Enable Write protection of page 152 to 159
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages160to167  Enable Write protection of page 160 to 167
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages168to175  Enable Write protection of page 168 to 175
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages176to183  Enable Write protection of page 176 to 183
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages184to191  Enable Write protection of page 184 to 191
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages192to199  Enable Write protection of page 192 to 199
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages200to207  Enable Write protection of page 200 to 207
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages208to215  Enable Write protection of page 208 to 215
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages216to223  Enable Write protection of page 216 to 223
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages224to231  Enable Write protection of page 224 to 231
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages232to239  Enable Write protection of page 232 to 239
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages240to247  Enable Write protection of page 240 to 247
        - FLASH_WRP_Pages248to255  Enable Write protection of page 248 to 255
        - FLASH_WRP_AllPages       Enable Write protection of all Pages
        - ~FLASH_WRP_AllPages      Disable Write protection of all Pages
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout

使用提示： 实现对传入的 FLASH_Pages 取反后拆成 WRP0～WRP3 写入选项字节，并自行调用 Option_Bytes_Unlock；实参写 ~FLASH_WRP_AllPages 表示解除全部页写保护。

FLASH_STS FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP2(uint8_t option_byte_rpd2)编程选项字节 RDP2。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP2
fun    Programs the Option Byte: RDP2.
param  option_byte_rpd2 :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_RDP2_ENABLE   Enable read protection L2
            - FLASH_OB_RDP2_DISABLE  Disable read protection L2
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_ReadOutProtectionL1(FunctionalState Cmd)使能读出保护 L1。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ReadOutProtectionL1
fun    Enables the read out protection.
param  Cmd:(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - ENABLE   Enable read protection L1
            - DISABLE  Disable read protection L1
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FLASH_STS FLASH_ReadOutProtectionL2_ENABLE(void)使能读出保护 L2。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ReadOutProtectionL2_ENABLE
fun    Enables the read out protection L2.
param  none
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
        - FLASH_ERR_RDP2 FLASH is in read protection L2 status
        - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout
FlagStatus FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User0(void)返回 Flash 用户选项字节的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User0
fun    Returns the FLASH User Option Bytes values.
param  none
return FlagStatus :
            - SET      Software watchdog
            - RESET    Hardware watchdog
FlagStatus FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User1(void)返回 Flash 用户选项字节的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User1
fun    Returns the FLASH User Option Bytes values.
param  none
return FlagStatus :
            - SET      PD7 used as NRST
            - RESET    PD7 used as GPIO
uint32_t FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User2(void)返回 Flash 选项字节的 POR_DELAY 值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User2
fun    Returns the FLASH Option Bytes POR_DELAY values.
param  none
return POR_DELAY:
            - 0x00 to 0xFF.
FlagStatus FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User3(uint32_t option_byte_bit)返回 Flash 用户选项字节的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetOptionBytes_User3
fun    Returns the FLASH User Option Bytes values.
param  option_byte_bit: (The input parameters must be the following values)
            - FLASH_OB_NBOOT0_SET          nBOOT0 configuration bit
            - FLASH_OB_NBOOT1_SET          nBOOT1 configuration bit
            - FLASH_OB_NSWBOOT0_SET        nSWBOOT0 configuration bit
            - FLASH_OB_BOOT0_CFG_HIGH      BOOT0_CFG configuration bit
            - FLASH_OB_IWDG_SLEEP_NOFRZ    IWDG_SLEEP_NOFRZ configuration bit
            - FLASH_OB_IWDG_STOP_NOFRZ     IWDG_STOP_NOFRZ configuration bit
return FlagStatus :
            - SET      The selected option bit is 1
            - RESET    The selected option bit is 0

使用提示： 实现把 option_byte_bit 右移 4 位后与 FLASH_OB 相与，传入的宏须与 FLASH_OB 中的位对齐。

uint32_t FLASH_GetBOOTUartPIN(void)返回 Flash 用户选项字节的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetBOOTUartPIN
fun    Returns the FLASH User Option Bytes values.
param  none
return option_byte_user4 0x0~0x8:
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PA9PA10    BOOT uart pins are PA9 and PA10
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PA0PA1     BOOT uart pins are PA0 and PA1
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PA4PA5     BOOT uart pins are PA4 and PA5
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PB4PB5     BOOT uart pins are PB4 and PB5
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PB6PB7     BOOT uart pins are PB6 and PB7
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_NUM5       N32G412 serial BOOT uart pins are PB8 and PB9, N32G415 serial BOOT uart pins are PB9 and PC10
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_PC4PC5     BOOT uart pins are PC4 and PC5
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_NUM7       N32G412 serial BOOT uart pins are PC7 and PC6, N32G415 serial BOOT uart pins are PA9 and PA8
            - BOOT_UARTPIN_NUM8       N32G412 serial BOOT uart pins are PC12 and PD2, N32G415 serial BOOT uart pins are PD0 and PD2
uint32_t FLASH_GetBOOTI2cPIN(void)返回 Flash 用户选项字节的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetBOOTI2cPIN
fun    Returns the FLASH User Option Bytes values.
param  none
return option_byte_user5 0x00000000~0x00080000:
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PA4PA5      I2C SCL SDA pins are PA4 and PA5
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PA9PA10     I2C SCL SDA pins are PA9 and PA10
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PA15PA14    I2C SCL SDA pins are PA15 and PA14
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PB6PB7      I2C SCL SDA pins are PB6 and PB7
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_NUM4        N32G412 serial I2C SCL SDA pins are PB7 and PB8 , N32G415 serial I2C SCL SDA pins are PB7 and PB9
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_NUM5        N32G412 serial I2C SCL SDA pins are PB8 and PB9 , N32G415 serial I2C SCL SDA pins are PB9 and PC10
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PC0PC1      I2C SCL SDA pins are PC0 and PC1
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PC4PC5      I2C SCL SDA pins are PC4 and PC5
            - BOOT_I2C_PIN_PD15PD14    I2C SCL SDA pins are PD15 and PD14

使用提示： 实现把 FLASH_OB2 的 I2C 引脚选择字段左移 16 位后返回。

uint32_t FLASH_GetBOOTCanPIN(void)返回 Flash 用户选项字节的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetBOOTCanPIN
fun    Returns the FLASH User Option Bytes values.
param  none
return option_byte_user6 0x0~0x1:
            - BOOT_CAN_PIN_PA12PA11    N32G412 serial CAN TX pins are PA12 and PA11
            - BOOT_CAN_PIN_NUM1        N32G412 serial CAN TX pins are PB9 and PB8, N32G415 serial CAN TX pins are PC10 and PB9
uint32_t FLASH_GetOptionBytes_Data0(void)返回 Flash 用户选项字节的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetOptionBytes_Data0
fun    Returns the FLASH User Option Bytes values.
param  none
return data0:
            - 0x00 to 0xFF.
uint32_t FLASH_GetOptionBytes_Data1(void)返回 Flash 用户选项字节的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetOptionBytes_Data1
fun    Returns the FLASH User Option Bytes values.
param  none
return data1:
            - 0x00 to 0xFF.
FlagStatus FLASH_GetReadOutProtectionSTS(void)检查 Flash 读出保护 L1 状态是否置位。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetReadOutProtectionSTS
fun    Checks whether the FLASH Read Out Protection L1 status_value is set or not.
param  none
return FlagStatus :
        - SET    Read protection L1 enable
        - RESET  Read protection L1 disable
FlagStatus FLASH_GetReadOutProtectionL2STS(void)检查 Flash 读出保护 L2 状态是否置位。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetReadOutProtectionL2STS
fun    Checks whether the FLASH Read Out Protection L2 status_value is set or not.
param  none
return FlagStatus :
        - SET    Read protection L2 enable
        - RESET  Read protection L2 disable
uint32_t FLASH_GetWriteProtectionSTS(void)返回 Flash 写保护选项字节寄存器的值。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetWriteProtectionSTS
fun    Returns the FLASH Write Protection Option Bytes Register value.
param  none
return The FLASH Write Protection  Option Bytes Register value :
            - Bit31 - Bit0 write-protect pages (248~255) ... pages (0~7)
FlagStatus FLASH_GetBOOTWriteProtectionSTS(void)检查 BOOT 保护状态是否置位。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetBOOTWriteProtectionSTS
fun    Checks whether the BOOT Protection status_value is set or not.
param  none
return FlagStatus :
        - SET    BOOT write protection enable
        - RESET  BOOT write protection disable
void FLASH_INTConfig(uint32_t FLASH_INT, FunctionalState Cmd)使能指定的 Flash 中断。
源码注释
name   FLASH_INTConfig
fun    Enables the specified FLASH interrupts.
param  FLASH_INT :
            - FLASH_INT_ERR      FLASH Error Interrupt
            - FLASH_INT_EOP      FLASH end of operation Interrupt
param  Cmd:(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - ENABLE
            - DISABLE
return none
FlagStatus FLASH_GetFlagSTS(uint32_t FLASH_FLAG)检查指定的 Flash 标志是否置位。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetFlagSTS
fun    Checks whether the specified FLASH flag is set or not.
param  FLASH_FLAG :(The input parameters must be the following values)
        - FLASH_FLAG_BUSY      FLASH Busy flag
        - FLASH_FLAG_PGERR     FLASH Program error flag
        - FLASH_FLAG_WRPERR    FLASH Write protected error flag
        - FLASH_FLAG_EOP       FLASH End of Operation flag
        - FLASH_FLAG_FKEYF     FKEYR write KEY1 flag
        - FLASH_FLAG_OPTKEYF   OPTKEYR write KEY1 flag
return FlagStatus :
        - SET      Flag status is set
        - RESET    Flag status is reset
FlagStatus FLASH_GetOBFlagSTS(uint32_t FLASH_FLAG)检查指定的 Flash 标志是否置位。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetOBFlagSTS
fun    Checks whether the specified FLASH flag is set or not.
param  FLASH_FLAG :(The input parameters must be the following values)
        - FLASH_FLAG_OBERR FLASH Option Byte error flag
return FlagStatus :
        - SET      Flag status is set
        - RESET    Flag status is reset
void FLASH_ClearFlag(uint32_t FLASH_FLAG)清除 Flash 的状态标志。
源码注释
name   FLASH_ClearFlag
fun    Clears the FLASH's status flags.
param  FLASH_FLAG :(The input parameters must be the following values)
        - FLASH_FLAG_PGERR     FLASH Program error flag
        - FLASH_FLAG_WRPERR    FLASH Write protected error flag
        - FLASH_FLAG_EOP       FLASH End of Operation flag
return none
FLASH_STS FLASH_GetSTS(void)返回 FLASH_STS。
源码注释
name   FLASH_GetSTS
fun    Returns the FLASH_STS.
param  none
return FLASH_STS :
        - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
        - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
        - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
        - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation

使用提示： 实现按 FLASH_BUSY、FLASH_ERR_PG、FLASH_ERR_WRP 的顺序判定，三者都未置位时返回 FLASH_EOP。

FLASH_STS FLASH_WaitForLastOpt(uint32_t Timeout)等待 Flash 操作完成或超时。
源码注释
name   FLASH_WaitForLastOpt
fun    Waits for a Flash operation to complete or a timeout to occur.
param  Timeout :(The input parameters must be the following values)
            - EraseTimeout
            - ProgramTimeout
return FLASH_STS: The returned value can be:
            - FLASH_BUSY     FLASH is busy
            - FLASH_ERR_PG   FLASH programming error
            - FLASH_ERR_WRP  FLASH Write protected error
            - FLASH_EOP      FLASH End of Operation
            - FLASH_TIMEOUT  FLASH operation timeout

使用提示： 实现递减超时计数，计数到 0 而 FLASH_STS 的 BUSY 位仍为 1 时返回 FLASH_TIMEOUT。

5.8.3 Demo 示例说明

本节说明 Flash 的 2 个示例：Flash_Program 演示页擦除、按字编程与回读校验，Option_Byte_Configure 演示选项字节的擦除与逐项配置。

5.8.3.1 Flash_Program Flash 编程

工程目录： projects/n32g41x_EVAL/examples/Flash/Flash_Program/

初始化打印串口→解锁 Flash 编程擦除控制器→擦除起始地址所在页→从起始地址起每 4 字节写入一个字→锁定控制器→逐字回读并与写入值比较

项目 源码解读
功能 擦除以 0x08008000 起始的一页，把 0x12345678 逐字写入 0x08008000 到 0x08008200 的区间，锁定控制器后回读校验，全部一致时打印测试通过。
源码组成 src/main.c：main 主流程与页大小、起始与结束地址宏；
inc/main.h：包含 n32g41x.h、log.h 并定义 TestStatus 枚举；
src/n32g41x_it.c、inc/n32g41x_it.h：中断服务函数；
readme.txt：功能、环境与使用说明；
MDK-ARM/、EWARM/：Keil 与 IAR 工程。
关键配置 FLASH_PAGE_SIZE 为 0x200（512 字节），FLASH_WRITE_START_ADDR 为 0x08008000，FLASH_WRITE_END_ADDR 为 0x08008200，写入数据为 0x12345678。
系统时钟为 HSI+PLL，N32G412 为 80 MHz，N32G415 为 96 MHz，USART1 以 115200 波特率输出 log。
程序与数据路径 main 调用 log_init 后 FLASH_Unlock；
FLASH_EraseOnePage 擦除起始页并检查返回值是否为 FLASH_EOP；
while 循环在 Address 从起始到结束的区间内 FLASH_ProgramWord 逐字写入，每次 Address += 4；
随后 FLASH_Lock，再以 *(__IO uint32_t*)Address 回读比较，最后按 MemoryProgramStatus 打印结果。
主要 API FLASH_Unlock、FLASH_EraseOnePage、FLASH_ProgramWord、FLASH_Lock
验证方法 运行后串口依次打印擦除与编程结果；
校验通过时打印 Flash Program Test PASSED!，不一致时打印失败的地址、实际值与期望值。
使用提示 编程前必须先擦除对应页；
编程区域为 0x08008000～0x08008200，须确保不与应用代码重叠；
每页 512 字节。
开发环境为 Keil MDK-ARM V5.34 或 IAR EWARM V8.50。
核心代码解读与移植

示例演示 Flash 的最小写入流程：解锁控制器、擦除目标页、按字编程、锁定后再回读校验。

数据路径： FLASH_Unlock -> FLASH_EraseOnePage 擦除起始页 -> FLASH_ProgramWord 逐字写入 -> FLASH_Lock -> 以 *(__IO uint32_t*) 回读比较

1. 用宏固定擦写区间。 示例把页大小、写入起始与结束地址定义为宏，擦除与编程都以这组宏为准，结果状态用 MemoryProgramStatus 记录。

src/main.csrc/main.c
#define FLASH_PAGE_SIZE        ((uint32_t)0x200)  /* 512 bytes per page */
#define FLASH_WRITE_START_ADDR ((uint32_t)0x08008000)
#define FLASH_WRITE_END_ADDR   ((uint32_t)0x08008200)

volatile TestStatus MemoryProgramStatus = PASSED;

移植到其它板卡或存储布局时，只改这三个地址宏与页大小即可，后续代码不用改动。

2. 解锁控制器后擦除目标页。 擦除前先解锁 Flash 编程擦除控制器，再调用 FLASH_EraseOnePage，返回值不等于 FLASH_EOP 时进入死循环报错。

src/main.csrc/main.c · main
    /* Unlock the Flash Program Erase controller */
    FLASH_Unlock();

    /* Erase one page */
    printf("Erasing page at 0x%08X...\r\n", (uint32_t)FLASH_WRITE_START_ADDR);
    if (FLASH_EraseOnePage(FLASH_WRITE_START_ADDR) != FLASH_EOP)
    {
        printf("Erase FAILED!\r\n");
        while (1) {}
    }
    printf("Erase OK\r\n");

3. 按字循环编程并锁定。 循环从起始地址步进 4 字节，每次调用 FLASH_ProgramWord 写入同一个字，写完 0x08008000～0x08008200 后调用 FLASH_Lock 重新锁定控制器。

src/main.csrc/main.c · main
    /* Program Flash word by word */
    printf("Programming...\r\n");
    Address = FLASH_WRITE_START_ADDR;
    while (Address < FLASH_WRITE_END_ADDR)
    {
        if (FLASH_ProgramWord(Address, Data) != FLASH_EOP)
        {
            printf("Program FAILED at 0x%08X!\r\n", (uint32_t)Address);
            while (1) {}
        }
        Address += 4;
    }
    printf("Program OK\r\n");

    /* Lock the Flash */
    FLASH_Lock();

4. 回读校验写入结果。 锁定后不再经驱动，直接用 *(__IO uint32_t*)Address 读回每个字与写入值比较，任一不符即置 MemoryProgramStatus 为 FAILED 并跳出。

src/main.csrc/main.c · main
    /* Verify programmed data */
    printf("Verifying...\r\n");
    Address = FLASH_WRITE_START_ADDR;
    MemoryProgramStatus = PASSED;
    while (Address < FLASH_WRITE_END_ADDR)
    {
        if ((*(__IO uint32_t*)Address) != Data)
        {
            MemoryProgramStatus = FAILED;
            printf("Verify FAILED at 0x%08X! (read 0x%08X, expected 0x%08X)\r\n",
                   (uint32_t)Address,
                   (uint32_t)(*(__IO uint32_t*)Address),
                   (uint32_t)Data);
            break;
        }
        Address += 4;
    }

对应源码： src/main.c

5.8.3.2 Option_Byte_Configure 选项字节配置

工程目录： projects/n32g41x_EVAL/examples/Flash/Option_Byte_Configure/

初始化打印串口→解锁 Flash 与选项字节控制器→擦除选项字节→依次编程 RDP1、USER0、USER1、USER3_USER2、USER5_USER4、USER6、USER7 与用户数据→解除全部页写保护→关闭读保护 L2→按返回值打印结果

项目 源码解读
功能 解锁并擦除选项字节区，依次关闭读保护 L1、选择软件看门狗、把 PD7 用作 NRST、配置启动位与 IWDG 冻结项、选择 BOOT 串口与 I2C/CAN 引脚、使能 BOOT 写保护并写入 2 字节用户数据，最后解除全部页写保护并关闭读保护 L2。
源码组成 src/main.c：main 中按 FLASH_EOP 串接的选项字节编程流程；
inc/main.h：包含 n32g41x.h、log.h；
src/n32g41x_it.c、inc/n32g41x_it.h：中断服务函数；
readme.txt：功能、环境与使用说明；
MDK-ARM/、EWARM/：Keil 与 IAR 工程。
关键配置 读保护 L1、L2 均关闭；
USER0：FLASH_OB_IWDG_SOFTWARE；
USER1：FLASH_OB_PD7_NRST；
USER3_USER2：FLASH_OB_NBOOT0_SET、FLASH_OB_NBOOT1_SET、FLASH_OB_NSWBOOT0_SET、FLASH_OB_BOOT0_CFG_HIGH、FLASH_OB_IWDG_SLEEP_NOFRZ、FLASH_OB_IWDG_STOP_NOFRZ、POR 延时 0xFF；
USER5_USER4：BOOT_UARTPIN_PA9PA10、BOOT_I2C_PIN_PA4PA5；
USER6：BOOT_CAN_PIN_PA12PA11；
USER7：BOOT_WRP_ENABLE；
用户数据：0x55、0xAA；
系统时钟：HSI+PLL，N32G412 80 MHz，N32G415 96 MHz。
程序与数据路径 main 先 FLASH_Unlock 与 Option_Bytes_Unlock，再 FLASH_EraseOB；
state_value 为 FLASH_EOP 时依次调用 8 个选项字节编程函数，每个函数返回 FLASH_EOP 才会进入下一步；
最后 FLASH_EnWriteProtection(~FLASH_WRP_AllPages) 解除全部页写保护、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP2(FLASH_OB_RDP2_DISABLE) 关闭读保护 L2，并按最终 state_value 打印结果。
主要 API FLASH_Unlock、Option_Bytes_Unlock、FLASH_EraseOB、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP1、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER0～FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER7、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_DATA1_DATA0、FLASH_EnWriteProtection、FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP2
验证方法 运行后串口打印 Option Byte configure Test start!；
全部步骤成功时打印 Option Byte configure OK!，任一步失败则打印 Option Byte configure failed!，选项字节擦除失败时打印 Option Byte erase failed!。
使用提示 修改选项字节后可能需要系统复位才能生效；
开启 RDP2 后无法撤销，请勿在调试阶段使用；
写保护配置后相关页无法编程和擦除。
开发环境为 Keil MDK-ARM V5.x 或 IAR EWARM V8.50。
核心代码解读与移植

示例把选项字节的整段配置串成一条链：每一步都以上一步的返回值是否为 FLASH_EOP 来决定是否继续。

数据路径： FLASH_Unlock 与 Option_Bytes_Unlock -> FLASH_EraseOB 擦除选项字节 -> FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_* 逐项写入 -> state_value == FLASH_EOP 串接各步 -> 串口打印结果

1. 先解锁两个控制器并擦除选项字节。 擦除选项字节前需要分别解锁 Flash 与选项字节两个控制器，FLASH_EraseOB 的结果存入 state_value 作为后续各步的闸门。

src/main.csrc/main.c · main
    /* Unlocks the FLASH Program Erase Controller */
    FLASH_Unlock();
    /* Unlocks the Option Byte Program Erase Controller */
    Option_Bytes_Unlock();
    /*  Erase Option Byte page */
    state_value = FLASH_EraseOB();

2. 以返回值为闸门逐项编程。 每个编程步骤都先判断 state_value 是否为 FLASH_EOP，满足才执行并把新返回值写回 state_value，任一失败即跳过后续所有步骤。

src/main.csrc/main.c · main
        /* Disable read protection L1 */
        state_value = FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP1(FLASH_OB_RDP1_DISABLE);
        /* Programs USER0~USER6 */
        if(state_value == FLASH_EOP)
        {
            state_value = FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER0(FLASH_OB_IWDG_SOFTWARE);
        }
        else
        {
            /* no process*/
        }

        if(state_value == FLASH_EOP)
        {
            state_value = FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER1(FLASH_OB_PD7_NRST);
        }

3. 一次配置多位与 BOOT 引脚。 FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER3_USER2 一次接收 7 个参数，把启动位、看门狗冻结位与 POR 延时一次写入；FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER5_USER4 与 FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER6 分别选择 BOOT 串口、I2C 与 CAN 引脚。

src/main.csrc/main.c · main
        if(state_value == FLASH_EOP)
        {
            state_value = FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER3_USER2(FLASH_OB_NBOOT0_SET,FLASH_OB_NBOOT1_SET,FLASH_OB_NSWBOOT0_SET,\
                                                               FLASH_OB_BOOT0_CFG_HIGH,FLASH_OB_IWDG_SLEEP_NOFRZ,FLASH_OB_IWDG_STOP_NOFRZ,0xFF);
        }
        else
        {
            /* no process*/
        }
src/main.csrc/main.c · main
        if(state_value == FLASH_EOP)
        {
            state_value = FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER5_USER4(BOOT_UARTPIN_PA9PA10,BOOT_I2C_PIN_PA4PA5);
        }
        else
        {
            /* no process*/
        }

        if(state_value == FLASH_EOP)
        {
            state_value = FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_USER6(BOOT_CAN_PIN_PA12PA11);
        }

4. 解除写保护并关闭读保护 L2。 链路末尾用取反的 ~FLASH_WRP_AllPages 解除全部页写保护，再关闭读保护 L2，最后按 state_value 打印成功或失败。

src/main.csrc/main.c · main
        /* Disable write protection */
        if(state_value == FLASH_EOP)
        {
            state_value = FLASH_EnWriteProtection(~FLASH_WRP_AllPages);
        }
        else
        {
            /* no process*/
        }

        /* Disable read protection L2 */
        if(state_value == FLASH_EOP)
        {
            state_value = FLASH_ProgramOptionBytes_RDP2(FLASH_OB_RDP2_DISABLE);
        }

对应源码： src/main.c

5.8.4 注意与排障

场景 检查与建议 来源
编程前未擦除 主存储区只能按页擦除，编程只能把存储位由 1 改为 0；
向未擦除的页写入新数据得到的是按位与的结果。
改写前先擦除目标页。		 用户手册
控制器处于锁定状态 擦除与编程前必须先执行解锁序列打开 FLASH_CTRL 的 LOCK 位；
密钥顺序或数值错误会使控制器保持锁定直到下次复位。		 用户手册
页大小与地址对齐 主存储区以页为单位管理，N32G412、N32G415 的页大小为 0.5 KB（512 字节），主存储区最大 128 KB、共 256 页；
编程地址须按字（4 字节）对齐。		 用户手册
写保护生效后仍要擦写 写保护以 8 页为一组，被保护的页无法编程和擦除；
解除写保护需要改写对应的 WRP 选项字节。		 用户手册
读保护的不可逆性 使能读保护 L1 后通过调试口无法读出主存储区；
使能读保护 L2 后无法再撤销，且不能再擦写选项字节，配置前须确认。		 用户手册
选项字节何时生效 选项字节的修改通常需要一次系统复位后才生效。 用户手册

N32G412、N32G415 系列勘误手册 V1.0.0（2026.6.30）的勘误列表只列出一行 A 版芯片条目，勘误链接列为空，未列出 Flash 相关条目。

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